The Basics of CGI Developer's Guide - 5. A Quick Tutorial on HTML Forms

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The two most important tags in an HTML form are the <form> and <input> tags. You can create most HTML forms using only these two tags. You learn these tags and a small subset of the possible <input> types or attributes. A complete guide and reference to HTML forms is in Chapter 3, "HTML and CGI."

The <form> Tag

The <form> tag is used to define what part of an HTML file is to be used for user input. It is how most HTML pages call a CGI program. The tag's attributes specify the program's name and location either locally or as a full URL, the type of encoding being used, and what method is being used to transfer the data to be used by the program.

The following line shows the specifications for the <form> tag:


<FORM ACTION="url" METHOD=[POST|GET] ENCTYPE="...">

The ENCTYPE attribute is fairly unimportant and is usually not included with the <form> tag. For more information on the ENCTYPE tag, see Chapter 3. For one use of ENCTYPE, see Chapter 14, "Proprietary Extensions."

The ACTION attribute references the URL of the CGI program. After the user fills out the form and submits the information, all of the information is encoded and passed to the CGI program. It is up to the CGI program to decode the information and process it; you learn this in "Accepting Input From the Browser," later in this chapter.

Finally, the METHOD attribute describes how the CGI program should receive the input. The two methods—GET and POST—differ in how they pass the information to the CGI program. Both are discussed in "Accepting Input From the Browser.".

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